So-called teaching reflection, is a teacher education and teaching practice of Understanding, Thinking, and lessons learned in order to further improve the teaching quality. Reflection has always been teaching teachers to raise the level of personal service is an effective means of education accomplished has been very seriously by everyone. Now many teachers from their own educational practice to the contrary, their gains and losses, through education, example, education, stories, or educational experience, etc. to improve the quality of teaching reflection.
Teaching Reflection thinking activity. One hand, it is for their own behavior in the teaching affirms the right, continue to accumulate experience; the other hand, with his own new ideas and even contrary to the practice of teaching, self-critical, and to be corrected, continuously improve their teaching behavior, so that their future teaching behavior is more perfect.
Second, the importance of reflection:
First, in today's curriculum reform, teaching is a reflection of good teaching practices. Can insist on their own teaching behavior to reflect a teacher initiative, responsibility, courage and willpower of the performance is the ability of teachers in teaching the use of good teaching practice, the determinants of new ideas.
Second, teaching reflection is seen as the determinants of teacher professional development.
Third, the new curriculum places great emphasis on teachers teaching reflection, is considered the
Fourth, the American psychologist, teacher growth Posner proposed the formula: Growth = experience + reflection. Reflection in teacher also emphasized the important role of growth. My understanding of this formula is: To become a good teacher, have a certain amount of teaching experience, but also must have been reflective consciousness, the only way to keep with the times; to make more of their own further the goal of teaching the arts to the temple ahead.
reflection, allows us to reject mediocrity; reflection, enable us to capture the teaching of inspiration; reflection, renewal and us; reflection, so that experience into our teaching. Perhaps reflective meditation makes you trapped,UGG shoes, confused confused; may reflect your sleepless nights, burning the midnight oil. However, you will find: Rethinking the teaching of our lives, such as the rising sun, every day is new. It must make you better ourselves, to Spring by the curriculum reform, changing concepts, promote reflective teaching.
Third, reflect on the methods and requirements
reflection type can be a vertical reflection, horizontal reflection, reflection of the individual and collective reflection, reflection with action research method, comparison, summarization, dialogue method, video method, portfolio method and so on.
vertical reflection and action research
own teaching practice that is recognized as an object in the course of history to think and sort out. While continuing to get feedback from students, and to recognize it as another object for analysis, and finally the understanding of the two specific objects rubbing together integration in China. Teaching reflection throughout your teaching career, not a stage of special tasks. I think therefore I am, I think, therefore I'm new.
horizontal reflection and Comparative Law
need to jump out of self-teaching reflection, self-reflection. Self is often called out to carry out lectures, studied and teaching strengths of others, his stone mountain, can learn through study and comparison to find out the gap between ideas, analytical tools, methods, differences, so as to enhance their own. Of course, both the use of action research or comparative law, we all need to learn the advanced educational theory, to improve their theoretical level, to achieve
individual review and summary method
mid-term thinking By mid-term exam, students held a forum to listen to the full integration of thinking; also a semester, academic year or term of teaching macro reflection.
method of collective reflection and dialogue, collective reflection
refers to observe their colleagues, and colleagues, teaching practice, practice with them on issues of dialogue, discussion, is an interactive activity It focuses on sharing success among teachers, cooperative learning and improve together and help build a community of cooperative learning. As the saying goes: Teachers observe each other teaching each other, a detailed record had seen. You can also use a video camera to shoot down the teaching activities, the organization to watch. Each observation of the teachers reflect on teaching writing, all in their own teaching practice to analyze and make all their own thinking, and then to discuss, focusing on the confusion prevalent in teaching, reflect on a team, each teacher to express their opinion, ideas to solve problems. communication and exchanges with the outside world is also an important way to reflect on teaching, which is the teaching and learning of the social nature of the decision. In addition to the collective reflection among colleagues, but also for Education and academics involved in teaching and research, made a promotional, targeted recommendations, prompting teachers to reflect, to obtain newer and more comprehensive understanding. [1]
collective reflection and their significance
the deepening of the new curriculum reform, requires teachers to have a new philosophy of education, comprehensive education and teaching ability, teaching new behaviors. To this end, government, educational and administrative departments and schools at all levels of teachers teaching all aspects of training, in order to improve the professionalism of teachers and promote professional development of teachers so that we can really take up the task of implementing the new curriculum. Therefore, we teachers must be on this basis, to achieve self-improvement through various means to advance their own professional development. Self-improvement in many ways, teaching is very effective reflection of a doubt. But the teacher's personal reflection activities are self reflection, due to their quality, viewing angle, knowledge and experience, professional development and other factors, which reflect the content and extent of the low. To this end, the teachers on the basis of personal reflection, the introduction of It can draw on collective wisdom, in the exchange and collisions can inspire each other, together. Only the personal reflection into the Meanwhile, the
meaning a collective reflection, awareness and change their
this method is put forward on how to change the character itself is based on the thinking on this issue, through trace the origin of thought can reach understand the purpose of self and alter ego, collective reflective learning is to change our final thoughts, behavior and character. Never consciously aware of, from the unconscious conscious and the subconscious, the process itself is a recognition, understanding, learning, action, habit process. Collectively reflect on ways to achieve this learning process, so that good becomes a habit.
2,
develop good thinking of is to break the collective mindset, effective way to break through the limitations of thinking, thinking each of us has its limitations, this is our growth, education, experience, and learning a variety of factors determined, and once cured will have to become entrenched. Sometimes we can not understand others do not like the idea, and this not the same idea to represent the different mental models, different mode of thinking, reflective learning can be corrected by our thought patterns and mental models. The world should be diverse, and also allows different voices, we should be tolerant of ideas and thinking.
3, enhance the ability to solve problems
this solution and analytical thinking approach to exercise and no doubt enhance our ability to work to solve the problem, we follow this line of thinking can be found completely the root causes of problems and to identify effective prevention method. This approach is advocated in the full business continued to improve the management practices also happens to coincide with either the concept or method, are the same strain, but collectively reflect further in-depth learning.
4, learning to master a reflection
way people work as a philosophy, more and more ordinary people to use us, especially the managers. Reflection is a tool for experiential learning and experience must reflect, to the distillation of experience and knowledge. Need to reflect on life and work, in fact, each of us thinking all the time, but the ideas in still further strengthened.
the limitations of a collective reflection on the concept of learning methods of today's knowledge is not enough
rapidly changing social and environmental requirements of organizations and individuals with excellent ability to learn, learn and adapt to the changes we have put forward new challenges. Let us have a new understanding of learning, individual learning has been extended for lifelong learning, organizational learning, learning is not only theoretical knowledge, but also in practice, learn new things quickly, to the social and economic life of all objects in the study. Learning styles are constantly updated, in addition to traditional learning, web-based learning medium for our work is a huge change in life, cultivating a learning organization and knowledge management to provide for our future direction. Not recognize these changes give the collective learning reflective learning has brought some difficulties.
2, is difficult to transcend self-consciousness
not escape the shackles of self-consciousness, thoughts and actions is often shrouded in Originally asked us to Difficult to self-judgment, not management understand the objective facts, objective facts which include the objective facts and objective facts of the matter, most people were still in the collective mixture of personal reflective learning emotional factors and ingrained, it is the collective serious obstacle to reflective learning.
3, individuals and organizations not
openness of modern society is full of a crisis of confidence, distrust, social and cultural make each of us wear masks to disguise to hide their true thoughts, they do not easily reveal their true selves. People thought conservative and complacent, and everyone used psychological defenses, how to overcome organizational defensive, but also organizational learning research focuses on sexual behavior, lack of openness of individuals and organizations will limit the degree of openness of each one's heart, thus affecting the collective reflection .
4, learning outcomes are difficult to track and test
collective reflection on learning outcomes at the working level of performance can be measured, and levels of personal accomplishment is difficult to measure, and time is a long-term not be able to see short-term effects, there is a long Experience of learning to adjust the results only after a long amendment, to become a habit, to deep in thought, but also to become a part of character. Which are difficult to track and test, and for human nature, are more inclined to see the short-term benefits, pay little attention to long-term effects, do not want long-term investment. Edit this paragraph
teachers reflect on history through the process of reflection stage of concrete experience
the phase of the mission is to make teachers aware of the existence of, and clearly the problem situation. Observation and analysis phase
the stage teachers will collect and analyze the wide range of experience, particularly with regard to their activities, in order to contrast their own critical eye, including his own thinking, behavior, also includes their beliefs, values, goals, attitudes and emotions. Access to certain information, the teachers should analyze them to see their own teaching activities drive the various ideas and views in the end what it advocated the theory with their consistency, their actions are consistent with the expected results, so as a clear source of the problem. After analysis, the problem of teachers will form a more clear understanding of the situation.
stage
re summarized in the observation of this stage based on the analysis, teachers reflect on old ideas, and actively looking for new ideas and new strategies to solve problems.
validation phase
positive test on the stage at this time to the formation of broad actions and assumptions. In the inspection process, teachers will encounter a new concrete experience, which in turn into the first stage of concrete experience, to start a new cycle.
four links of the above, reflect the most concentrated expression in the observation and analysis phase, but it is only together with other aspects will play a better role. In practice, reflection activities, before and after the above four aspects are often staggered, not very clear boundaries. [2]
Edit this paragraph should reflect elements
teachers reflect on the following three important components:
1, cognitive component refers to the teachers how to process information and make decisions . In the minds of a large number of interrelated facts, concepts, and experience of general information is organized into a certain network, a pattern, you can effectively store and quickly extracted to form the basis of the individual understanding of the world. Some of the experts, classroom teachers and new teachers to explain the incident to do a comparative study, the results show that the expert teachers in the teaching decision-making process reflects a more profound and extensive contact with the schema. The schema allows them to accurately determine which event is cause for concern, and to extract from memory-related information in order to select the most appropriate response strategy, which is enabling them to automate a variety of issues dealing with the foundation.
2, critical components that drive the basis of the thinking process, including the experiences, beliefs, social and political orientation and goals of teachers, more emphasis on values and ethical components, such as whether it is reasonable educational goals, educational strategies and materials in the implied equality and power issues. It affects teachers to understand situations, issues and concerns affecting the problem solution. The researchers found that reflective process, teachers not only concerned to solve the problem as before, but more concerned about questions, they do not determine the answers to these, more interested in nonlinear problems.
3,UGG boots cheap, Teacher's statement was made, to reflect the voice of teachers themselves, which includes the issues raised by teachers, teachers in their daily work, writing, talking the way they used to explain and improve their classroom teaching interpretation system, these are the basic components of the statements of teachers. It may contain a number of cognitive components and critical components, but the point is that teachers make a variety of teaching strategies for the interpretation of context, this interpretation can make teachers more clearly aware that their teaching decision-making process. [2]
Edit this paragraph reflection method
reflect the following four methods: 1, reflection diary. Teaching at the end of the day, teachers write down their experiences and their joint analysis of the instructor.
2, described in detail. Teachers observe each other teaching each other, a detailed description of the scenes they saw, this discussion and analysis.
3, the actual discussion. Teachers from different schools together, first proposed the problem occurred in the classroom, and then discuss solutions, and finally get the program for all teachers and other schools shared.
4, action research. To understand the class nature of the problem encountered, exploration program of action to improve teaching,cheap UGG boots, teachers and researchers in collaboration research and experimental studies. It is different from the researchers carried out by external research to explore the universal law, but directly focused on the improvement of teaching practice. [2]
edit the contents of this section
teaching reflection reflection, including teaching the former reflection, teaching reflection, reflection after teaching.
teaching reflection includes reflection prior to determining the content of the concrete implementation methods of stage and needs of students and the specific objectives to meet those needs, and the need to achieve these goals the motivation, teaching models and teaching strategies. But also on the subject, the textbook, the unit, this lesson plan for teaching reflection of the key projects listed. Such as: First, those who need to teach students the key concepts, conclusions and facts; the second, the teaching is accurate determination of the key and difficult; the third, the depth and scope of the teaching content is appropriate for students; Fourth, the activities of those who designed help achieve teaching objectives; Fifth, the presentation of course content meets the age and psychological characteristics of students; Sixth, those students in need of special attention; seventh, that the conditions will affect the course of the effect of ... ...
Reflections on Teaching the teachers in the teaching process, is not expected to happen on the reflective and the interaction between teachers and students, according to feedback on student learning, the teaching plan of adjustment. Unexpected happens, the teachers should learn to grasp the implementation of favorable factors in teaching programs, capitalize on the trend, not to allow the students to the nose. Teaching program based on student feedback on the changes and adjustments should be appropriate not to overhaul major changes.
reflective teaching requires teachers to dedicate themselves to teaching activities, the mobilization of sensory feedback information capture, fast and flexible to make adjustments and response. Reflections on teaching teachers can use audio and video technology, along with the observed means of reflection after teaching for the future to provide information. After teaching reflection focusing on the teaching content, teaching process, teaching strategies. Specifically as:
First, teaching content areas: 1. Determine the applicability of teaching objectives. 2. Objectives are to judge teaching strategies adopted.
Second, the teaching process: 1. memories of how the teaching is carried out. 2. Reflections on the teaching objectives: the teaching is to achieve the desired effect. 3. Reflections on teaching theory: whether the basic laws of learning. 4. Evaluation and Reflection on students: whether students met all kinds of target. 5. The situation of the implementation of teaching programs reflect: why and how changes in program effectiveness, the use of other activities and approaches more effective. 6. Reflections on the improvements: how to modify teaching plans will be more effective ... ...
Third, teaching strategies: 1. Perceived links: teaching teachers to recognize problems and their closely related; 2. Understand the links: for teachers to their teaching activities and advocated the theory, behavioral results were compared with expectations of a clear source of the problem; 3. Restructuring links: teaching ideas for teachers to retrial to seek new strategies; 4. Verify links: testing new ideas, new strategies, new programs are more effective, to form a new perception, new problems, start a new cycle.
the process of reflective teaching, teachers using action research, and explore and solve teaching objectives, teaching tools and their own problems and improve the rationality of teaching practice, improve teaching effectiveness and teaching and research capabilities, promote the process of professionalization of teachers. Also the teachers to explore and solve direct teaching of practical problems, the constant pursuit of teaching practice and reasonable, comprehensive development process. [3]
Edit this paragraph writing writing sample
success
the teaching process to pre-designed teaching purposes, the resonance effect caused by the practice of teaching; classroom teaching appropriate contingency measures in the interim; level of clear, coherent writing on the blackboard; some of the teaching of thinking and application of the infiltration process; education, some of the basic principles of psychology to use feelings; teaching method reform and innovation, etc. Details have local record for future use and reference when teaching,UGG bailey button, and on this basis, continue to improve, improve, innovation, to the glorious summit.
writing inadequacies
Even successful classroom teaching also inevitably omissions weakness, their systematic review, combing, and its for a deep reflection, inquiry and analysis to become the next re-teaching lessons, a higher level.
witty writing classroom teaching, with the commencement of teaching content, teachers and students thinking and emotional development of harmonious exchange, often because of some contingency arising moment of inspiration, these sparks of wisdom
writing students in the classroom teaching innovation process, students are learning the subject, students will always be unique perspective, so that the students not only a good way to promote good ideas, but also an appreciation of students and inspire. At the same time, these valuable insights to the classroom teaching supplement and perfect, you can expand the idea of teachers and improve teaching standards. Therefore, write it down, you can add a wealth of teaching material for future nutrients.
write and then teach a class designed
down, meditation meditation, and explore what teaching law; teaching methods in which innovation; knowledge of what that point; the teaching of any organization new tactics; solving the many errors without breaking; enlightenment propriety; training is in place and so on. Timely write down the pros and cons, and make the necessary classification and choice, consider this part should be re-taught how to do, write, a new level and height.
1, write success
the teaching process to pre-designed teaching purposes, the resonance effect caused by the practice of teaching; classroom teaching appropriate interim contingency measures; level of clear, coherent The writing on the blackboard; some of the teaching of thinking and application of the infiltration process; education, some of the basic principles of psychology to use the feelings; teaching method reform and innovation etc etc have a local record for future use and reference teaching , and on this basis, continue to improve, improve, innovation, and achieve the best results.
2, write the inadequacies
Even successful classroom teaching also inevitably omissions weakness, they (errors) systematic review, combing, and its made a profound reflection, inquiry and analysis, making it a lesson, to remind myself to avoid mistakes in the future teaching of teaching.
3, witty writing
classroom teaching, with the commencement of teaching content, teachers and students thinking and emotional development of harmonious exchange, often because of some contingency arising moment of inspiration, These
4, creative writing students
in the classroom teaching process, students are learning the subject, students will always be some unique insights, not only the students a good way to promote good ideas, but also an appreciation of students and inspire. At the same time, these valuable insights to the classroom teaching supplement and perfect, you can expand the idea of teachers and improve teaching standards. Therefore, write it down, you can add a wealth of teaching material for future nutrients.
5, write What is the teaching of new tactics; solving the many errors without breaking; enlightenment propriety; training is in place and so on. Timely write down the pros and cons, and make the necessary classification and choice, consider this part should be re-taught how to do, write, a new level and height.
reflection means and objects:
1, a new concept of reflection
as a teacher, a small meeting in the General Assembly for more than one occasion we have heard in a notebook on more than once wrote, there is no serious thinking this problem:
what the future must be to enable students to obtain the necessary knowledge? How you will help students acquire this knowledge?
What are your teaching methods so that different students have continued the development of learning?
2, before teaching reflection reflection before
teaching to make teaching as a purposeful, organized, and meaningful practice. We can reflect on:
Where is the value of this lesson?
Why teach this knowledge? Just teach knowledge? More far-reaching significance behind that?
This lesson will give the development of students in the end what kind of service?
teaching this class to achieve what goals? Just to meet the exam?
3, Teaching Reflection:
scientific and effective in teaching the teaching of reflection allows us to reduce the regret of classroom teaching, teaching quality and efficient manner. Classroom teaching what? We can reflect on:
(1) the commencement of class activities for classroom use heuristic
or injection? Student learning activities are ignored thinking?
whether the students actively involved, at cooperation; the courage to find the courage to express; whether the self-study, good at communication? State of student learning, emotional, how the world?
in the self-communication, cooperative inquiry, practice found suspect argument, debate research, innovation, and other students to answer the way, the effect of what is good? What is the background and context to start from?
(2) the role of teachers for the classroom in terms of
you grasp the true sense of student learning partners, helpers, motivators, organizers, or student learning imparting of knowledge? Blindly taught strict supervision?
(3) create a classroom environment
if you can actively create a relaxed, democracy, equality, mutual learning environment? Concerned about whether students Or pay more attention to standard and orderly teaching order? Let the students in the tyranny, obedience, silence, suppress the state?
(4) the use of educational technology
whether the scientific use of a variety of media rich learning resources, whether the process of design innovation is conducive to student learning, and arts to help students to achieve learning goals?
4, after teaching reflection:
higher goal. After each lesson, we can reflect on:
why my classroom atmosphere is not good? Why do students have little interest in my class? Why do I teach classes for the unsatisfactory results? What kind of lesson plans is a good lesson plan? What kind of work be considered a good job? What kind of paper is good paper?
Some students study very lazy and do not know do not want to know. Job plagiarism. After the teacher in addition to education, but also look for essential reasons. From childhood to college students has been the case? Family reasons or social reasons? Any problems or personal reasons?
Some students studied hard, but do not increase performance. Do students learn the right way? Students in learning whether there is anxiety? The problem is mental or emotional problems? My teaching method is reasonable and Science? My teaching seriously and fulfill it? I understand that any student? Including his level of knowledge, his inner world. Reflecting on the type of teaching
after-school thinking: summary of a class down to think, write or teaching gains and after-school diary, which is very important for new teachers.
Zhouhou Si or units thinking: that is, one week course or a unit had finished down reflection, trial and error, found the problem corrected.
months thinking: teaching activities for their own to sort out the month.
period thinking: the passage of the interim quality of analysis, this is a more complete analysis of the stage. By mid-term exam, students held a forum to listen to parents with suggestions, thus a complete integration of thinking; also a semester, academic year or term of a summary of student teaching reflection.
All in all, written after-school teaching reflection, in your time, Insist that your dedication to the pursuit. Have received a timely write down, if you have long, no words are short, Write to think, to teach thinking and promote long-term accumulation, there must be
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