Decided to advance the southwest Pacific, seize the island of New Guinea, Port Moresby and the island of Tulagi in the Solomon Islands in order to master the sea and air supremacy in the region, cutting off U.S. access to Australia's sea lines of communication. Early May, the Japanese 4th Fleet will send Inoue into the U.S. Navy will be led by Takagi Wuxiong Hai army, Truk starting rate of the original loyalty of a Rear Admiral, U.S. intelligence intercepted Japanese military operations, U.S. Pacific Fleet Commander Admiral Nimitz command of Rear Admiral Fletcher rate of 17 task forces (machine more than 140 aircraft, five cruisers, destroyers, 9) in the Coral Sea blocking.
Coral Sea seems particularly long the night, but apparently can not wait Lexington dawn is. Has already cleared the deck, crew through the dim light of dawn on the aircraft for the final inspection; preparation room in the pilot was eating chocolate after breakfast, while listening to presentations; deck medical team ready for dressing materials and topical morphine ; rescue team is a watertight compartment of a check is turned off; Flak hands and watching the sky more bright. Lexington then the wind turned, when the 18 reconnaissance plane, the last one disappeared in the northern sky, May 8 The sun was gushing out from the east sea.
1. Delayed
1942 year, a combined fleet still immersed in the victory disease. The first phase of the task has been exceeded, but the second phase of the task has not been finally determined. In Japan, the U.S. economic potential is great, but into the war also requires both a process expected before the summer of 1943 the United States could organize counterattack, while the Japanese have time to further advance the front completely, expanding defense circles. Control in Australia is a reflection of this strategy. Japan's land, the Navy agreed that Australia will be the largest American base in order to counterattack,UGG boots clearance, but deep in China, Japan, the Army can not afford to send troops landed in Australia, is a viable option to cut off links with the Pearl Harbor.
1942 年 2 month, the Japanese occupation in the Bismarck Archipelago northeast of Australia pull package Wilkie, the early March occupied New Guinea Lae, Sara Moa. According to plan then it shall Tulagi and Port Moerbizi eastern New Guinea to implement landing. However, the activities of the U.S. aircraft carrier, the plan was postponed. Until the end of April, 5 Air Flotilla (number and Ruihe No. Cheung Hok), 5 cruisers Team (Black magic number of high number and the feather) from the Indian Ocean returned back to Truk. Attack Tulagi and Moerbizi Hong Kong has begun to measure.
1942 年 4 30, 5 Air Flotilla, 5 cruisers and six destroyers team as the starting motor units from Truk south, Wang Xia Weiyi and New Guinea Islands in between, waiting to destroy UNITA military surface ships. Cheung Fung landed the cover of the formation by the number of light aircraft carriers, eight cruisers, six destroyers. As the advance party of Hong Kong action captured Moerbizi, April 28 departure from Rabaul advance Fung Cheung Road landing forces under the cover of carrier aircraft on May 3 did not encounter resistance to the occupation of the island of Tulagi . Subsequently, on May 4, the main landing force from Rabaul by 14 troop ships in the six destroyers and a cruiser heading Moerbizi under the cover of the mighty Kong. Complete the Tulagi landing Fung Cheung Road and sheltering cover of ships sailing westward with the landing force for convergence, while the 5th Air Force Tactical Teams stationed in the Coral Sea. But in fact, come to the United States engaged the 17 and 8 task forces have been the first in the Japanese mobile formations into the Coral Sea, so the most famous naval battle took place in the Coral Sea.
2. Secret
1942 year, the Pacific was bleak for the Allies the scene, but there is significant progress for the war thing. January 20, 1942, 124,Discount UGG boots, Japan, Iraq, when in the Darwin mines were sunk. Then the U.S. military from Iraq with a diving boat on the 124, remove the password of this. After several months, with the accumulation of information, particularly air strikes Tokyo, the Japanese Empire to the over-reaction, almost all combined fleet sent out, Pearl Harbor, the Intelligence Service began to decipher the Japanese code, and with scattered intelligence gradually draw the offensive attack combined fleet. The secret is the beginning of the war in the Pacific, the U.S. Navy to deal with the combined fleet of the most important foundation.
Despite the adoption of code-breaking, are known to the Japanese about the implementation of Moerbizi landing in Hong Kong, while the advance team will be the first occupation of Tulagi, and has basically mastered the strength of the Japanese investment. Nimitz has been determined to prevent the Japanese landing Moerbizi action, this is not an easy decision to, as the Allies, the assembling of troops necessary to combat the enemy is not easy. Saratoga wounded by the Japanese submarine, the West Coast repair, Enterprise and Hornet in the attack on Tokyo's return voyage, is available 8 Lexington task forces and 17 task forces of York City aircraft carrier, and another eight cruisers and 13 destroyers. From the Fletcher School of unified command, two fleet stationed in the Coral Sea on May 1.
3.
Fighting the first battle in the May 3 start, when Fletcher Navy received the news of the Japanese is Tulagi landing, his numbers are still in Butte York City, west of Cap Corner more than one hundred miles of sea. He immediately interrupts refueling, command twenty-six sea miles per hour speed, heading north, the Solomon Islands Central. Dawn May 4, USS Yorktown arrived Guadalcanal (remember the name) about a hundred miles southwest of the sea, the aircraft carrier fighter pilots saw the old Tulagi on the sea near the enemy forces launched a series of attacks, destroying the seaplane, sent back the number of enemy ships were sunk by exaggerated reports, Fletcher jubilant victory to Pearl Harbor, reported the good news, then西莫尔比兹 Hong Kong United States embarked on the fleet. Nimitz was the so-called battle of Tulagi were evaluated again: military strength, before the Battle of the Coral Sea, the United States share intelligence initiative, attack Tulagi, the two sides to even out the intelligence.
4. Miss
5 6, under the cover of the Miyun, Fletcher with the heavy cruiser Admiral Grace and Lexington joined together, add the oil. The latest information shows that Pearl Harbor, with two aircraft carriers to provide air cover Port Moresby invasion force, will be the next day through the 卢伊西亚德 Islands. Fletcher then go straight west Coral Sea. Fletcher did not know he was around that afternoon had been a Japanese seaplane search found. Two U.S. aircraft carrier that is to intercept Japanese Port Moresby invasion fleet in the news, in Rabaul headquarters of Admiral Inoue almost caused a panic. Command transport ship emergency orders to halt. Takagi, led by Major General Raymond Crane the main number and mobile number Ruihe receive an alert when the troops are filling the south of Guadalcanal, until he was ready to launch air strikes can be reduced to the distance when the fleet ran into a thick cloud. So he decided to continue refueling until dawn to go chase.
5 月 7 days 4 pm, the fleet has been basically the position that the United States, Japan dispatched 12 mobile aircraft carrier fleet is divided into 6 groups of 180 degrees to 270 degrees in azimuth between the distance of 250 nautical miles Search the enemy. 5:45, the Japanese aircraft south of the search report: 6:00 to 6:15, have to take off from Ruihe number nine Zero fighters, 17 bombers, and torpedo planes 11, took off from the Cheung Hok number nine Zero fighters, 19 bombers, and torpedo planes 13. A total of 78 Japanese aircraft, and flew to the objectives identified. But found not reach the target over the U.S. aircraft carrier battle groups, but the 6 pm and Fletcher to break up the team Niao Xiao No. tanker and the destroyer Sims, two ships of the zoom ring, certainly as a aircraft carriers and a cruiser
ship. The team flew over the Japanese fleet assault and found not a carrier, then repeated the search in the vicinity of the sea for two hours, have yet to find other targets. Machine is not one of the torpedo attack, began to return 9:15, and 36 dive bombers in the 9:26 to 40 pm only reluctantly between the initial attack found targets. It is this sense of overkill, No. Simms was hit three 250 kg bombs, two of which exploded in the cabin, less than 60 seconds to sink. Niao Xiao No. 7 was hit by a bomb, carrying the fire at sea sank after floating for a few days.
when Fletcher's main U.S. aircraft carrier and oil tanker broke up was traveling west to intercept the Japanese fleet landing, but the U.S. fleet also made the same mistake: not found fleet forces. Two hours after dawn, Lexington patrol aircraft on a back to report Fletcher thought it was a Japanese aircraft carrier force, the decision to the full implementation of its attacks. Sent by the Lexington 28 dive bombers and torpedo planes 12, fighter planes, 10, from York City, sent No. 25 dive bombers and torpedo planes 10 planes, fighter planes, eight, has a total of 93 carrier-based aircraft to the target . Fly to target, only to find that two light cruisers and two gunboats, which is the cover of the Japanese landing forces, the password is wrong, exaggerated into an assault force. But the U.S. military finally found to be exaggerated in the fleet should be targeted: Xiang Feng aircraft carrier. 93 U.S. fighters and bombers after a half-hour turns to attack, Cheung Fung number has been in the 13 bombs and seven torpedoes. Isawa ordered to abandon ship. A few minutes later, Cheung Fung sank, the sea is only a bunch of smoke and an oil spill to spread in the Coral Sea, marking the Japanese Imperial Navy lost the first one here, a large ship.
5 月 7 morning, the U.S. and Japan attacked the fleet at just the edge of the range to attack each other, but due to technical reasons, the two sides did not find each other,UGG boots cheap, each man missed the starting time for treatment. U.S. mistakes are more dangerous because of its deviation from the carrier aircraft attack the main threat to its more than 90 degrees, but the U.S. military has achieved greater victories - knocked out an aircraft carrier; combined fleet Unfortunately mistakes because they at least know the general location of their main goals. Teams want to be the fifth airline to rectify the wrong time to face a question of time: take off 14:00 pm, 18 pm (2 hours after sunset) to return, which in 1942 was not an easy decision to make, but V Air Flotilla will still send the original loyalty of a 12 bombers and 15 torpedo planes 14:15 separating ship, fly to the desired goal, at dusk, these aircraft are actually flying over from the U.S. fleet, but due to weather did not find the target, until the return only to find the U.S. fleet, but these fighters have been throw away the bomb and was the U.S. Wildcat fighter interception. In the darkness, the Japanese lost several aircraft pilot mistakenly tried to land on the number of York City. However, the signal does not identify, was found high and one of the aircraft gunners shot down into the sea, the other hurriedly fled into the night several aircraft. Fletcher also aware that the Japanese Navy aircraft carrier in the vicinity, and decided this aircraft carrier naval duel between the result will be the next day.
5. Duel
5 月 8 last hour before sunrise, the Coral Sea, two hundred sea miles completed within the four aircraft carrier with the same preparation, the only difference may be issued for the U.S. pilot is chocolate, and Japanese pilots made the rice cakes. Plane are set out before sunrise. Search almost doomed aircraft will also find each other's goals. Quarter past eight, the U.S. military reconnaissance aircraft flying in the north back to report: the enemy's aircraft carrier task force in Lexington one hundred seventy-five miles northeast of the sea twenty-five sea miles per hour speed traveling south. Only a few minutes later, the U.S. aircraft carrier in the radio station received a jubilant Japanese, the report clearly shows that they themselves have been discovered. York City number and then Lexington were off 15 fighters, 46 bombers and 21 torpedo planes 82 planes toward the Japanese fleet. Mid quarter of an hour an hour later, the U.S. assault Cheung Hok fleet number and Rui He found positive numbers heading south-east, eight miles distance between two aircraft carriers, the two heavy cruisers and destroyers from the convoy. While Americans use precious few minutes, in the round when the cumulus in the organized attack, Cheung Hok No. opportunity out more fighters, Rui He then hid under the No rain near the sea. Towards the close with the enemy fleet defense aircraft carrier launched the first attack on the American pilots, the face of real or flew into a panic when a powerful enemy. Torpedo planes and dive bombers were Zero fighters dispersed, and the lack of cooperation, torpedoes fired into the sea, far from the target, the bombing is blind. Cheung Hok only two bombs hit the number, Cheung Hok flight deck on fire due to leakage of oil burning. Ten minutes later, Lexington's planes arrived, but difficult to detect enemy ships under heavy clouds. To attack by further setbacks. Only fifteen bombers finally found a goal, but they are only six wildcat fighter protection, it is easy to break up by Zero fighters, torpedo attack failed again, and only the bomber hit a bomb. However, the report of the American pilot is not the case. Captain Taylor optimistic after the first attack, he said: very fierce fire. It is believed that it was a very serious damage, and finally sink out. Because radar, Lexington enemy fighter commanders in the northeast are still more than seventy miles in the air when you know they come and take-off clan machine volley. However, 5 of the 69 air carrier aircraft clan has not yet been subject to interception into a 3 before the attack team. Japanese torpedo flew the first U.S. ship fleet York City number. Flexibility to avoid the ship, Japanese aircraft attack without success. However, the alert sequence in the ring two aircraft carriers are on their own to avoid the result, so that the distance between two ships rapidly widening, guard ships also will be divided into two, thus weakening the air defense, to the day the gap to a mere machine. Japanese machine about
grams projection port city of No. 8 torpedoes, were the ship away. In the ensuing York City bomber fleet numbers began to dive bomb. With a 800-pound bomb hit the flight deck of the ship near the bridge, but still continue to fight. Fleet torpedo attack on Lexington, the successful use of the attack tactics, from both sides of the ship's bow, 15-1000-70-meter height of 1500 meters from the projection of torpedoes. Lexington because the larger the tonnage, the larger the radius of the loop, turn not flexible, the projected date of 13 machines have two torpedoes hit the ship's port side, so the boiler has three water tanks. Lexington is hard to avoid torpedoes, the Japanese bombers began their attack force, there are two bombs hit the target. This encounter lasted only thirteen minutes, the Japanese fly away, jubilant to report their numbers for the previous day's defeat avenged Fung Cheung, sank in no uncertain terms, a
In fact, Lexington Although the bombs hit by torpedoes and produce 7 degrees heeling, but the adjustment of fuel after the ship and restore the balance and continue to accept the return of the aircraft landing. At the same time to strengthen the air refueling aircraft. However, due to fuel leakage, in Lexington ship suddenly exploded and caught fire, the fire spread quickly, and even can not control. Around 15:00 pm, the captain ordered all the sailors from the ship. 17 am, the destroyer Phelps fired five torpedoes were ordered to their, Lexington sank at 17:56. The ship has landed the 36 aircraft also will sink into the sea. U.S. special Task Force 17 aboard the Yorktown bombers and torpedo planes although there are 27, 12 fighters, but has been at night, Fletcher intention to fight another day, then led his unit to leave the battlefield. The next day, Rui He was chasing U.S. ship pilot number again reconnaissance patrol, maritime Lexington only the wreckage of the.
6. Gains and losses
Lexington sunk, but the Japanese joint naval combat has been difficult to judge how much. But from a strategic perspective, the Coral Sea on whether the United States, on the Pacific war situation, the history of the world has a profound meaning sea. As a prelude before the war, even though the ship participating in this war is not over, not large-scale war, and its intensity is not too high. However, the aircraft carrier Coral Sea was the first naval battle between the duel. We all know, the past of modern naval warfare, warships are both within close to the more close, and then use guns to solve the problem, the Coral Sea Battle is completely different, the two sides of the ship, there is no fire or launching torpedoes, and no access to the other side of the line of sight inside, but hundreds of nautical miles away from the long distance carrier to use the portable machine to win. For this war, the first time in the history of the world's sea battle, but not accidental, but the development of aviation technology and the inevitable result of weapons. The Battle for the Pacific War that direction. That being the case, who can quickly gain a deeper understanding of this new feature, and accordingly improve their combat power, who is likely to obtain more in fighting the initiative, from the subsequent development, it is clear that the joint naval to this point it was too late.
Second, gains and losses from a tactical point of view, the United States by sinking a large aircraft carrier Lexington, a tanker, a destroyer, 66 aircraft, killed 543 people and another aircraft carrier York City number injured; loss of a light aircraft carrier in Japan, 77 aircraft, 1,074 people died and another injured in an aircraft carrier. From the digital point of view, clearly made the Coral Sea Imperial Navy naval tactical victory. But, look further ahead, if the first week of May 1942 occurred in the Coral Sea Battle of the weekend with the follow-up to the consequences of the events linked, then there is no doubt the United States won a decisive victory. Rear Admiral Fletcher's forces succeeded in thwarting the Coral Sea of Japan south to control the sea lanes, and Australia's strategic plan. Since the Pearl Harbor incident, the Japanese navy myth of invincibility for the first time was a heavy psychological blow, this is a strategic balance of power to make major changes in the event.
Nimitz announced that it was How far-reaching significance of what, a month later he still do not know. In fact, more specific point, Cheung Hok No damage, Ruihe No serious attrition, while the Fifth Air clan had two aircraft carriers that Midway plans to attend, but now can not be achieved. Well, from the arithmetic point of view, the Coral Sea Battle of the Pacific War against the subsequent process is directly affected by the sinking of an aircraft carrier in exchange for the two carriers can not participate in the Battle of Midway. Midway aircraft carrier in the United States, Japan or the ratio will be 4 to 6, not 3 to 4, from 1 month after the Midway battle of view, this difference is definitely very important.
Coral Sea is a naval battle in the history of the contest between the first aircraft carrier, it is almost the most fair to the Pacific War battle, which basically reflects the two sides fighting. It can be said that the Pacific's most epic of a right primer. If the combined fleet is the Air clan to participate in the first or second Battle of the Coral Sea, then the likely number of York City, not to return to Pearl Harbor and Midway to the United States that a little cruel; if U.S. forces did not try to be smart to go attack on Tokyo, the U.S. aircraft carrier can have four to participate in the Coral Sea, does not guarantee victory, the loss to the aircraft carrier will not be so serious, then Midway will have stripped in an exciting and suspense.
though it just right,UGG shoes, but as with every campaign, the Coral Sea is still cold and cruel. The following is an example. In Lexington's flight deck sailors under the same terrible images to a depth of not winning the battle, York City, also hit number, password, room has been blown to atoms by a bomb, the radar lost the effectiveness of dive bombers attacked naval captain Lieutenant Colonel Ortega and his radio operator in the attack after returning Cheung Hok No damage to the aircraft and the pilots found themselves in the most dangerous situation - in the vast ocean lost its way over the , while the oil level above zero pointer shaking. Oort can use the radio call to the city of York Road:
York City number: nearest land two hundred miles away.
Ortega: I
we never get there. No.
York City: by your own. I wish you well.
Oort: Please convey to Lexington. We throw a thousand pounds of bombs on a warship. We both reported two or three. Enemy fighters flew. I changed my flight north. Please tell me whether you listen to me.
York City No.: Listen up. Rely on your own. I will convey your words. I wish you well.
Oort: Okay, bye. Our one thousand pounds of bombs hit the warship!
This is the last time to hear the voice of Lieutenant Colonel Bill Ault.
Summary
5 3 May, the Japanese occupation of Tulagi Island. The next morning, 5-6, the two sides in the Coral Sea Fleet search. 7, Japan, Meanwhile, the U.S. carrier aircraft attack Japanese landing fleet and escort fleet, sinking, 8 am, two aircraft carrier group sent out a distance of 200 nautical miles in the carrier fleet to start fighting. U.S. forces flew about 70 sorties, attacked the fleet of Takagi. Japan flew about 90 sorties, attack on the U.S. ship. Loss of about 70 U.S. aircraft, the Japanese lost about 100 aircraft.
the history of warfare aircraft carrier Coral Sea naval fleet in the distance to the implementation of carrier-based aircraft for the first time fighting the Japanese Navy in the Pacific for the first time frustrated. Japanese navy pilots due to loss of aircraft and could not immediately be added, was forced to suspend offensive on Port Moresby.
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